Study Reveals Alarming Presence of PFAS in U.S. Tap Water.
A recent national study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey has highlighted concerning findings regarding the presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in tap water across the United States. Released on Tuesday, the study estimates that nearly half of the country’s tap water contains at least one type of PFAS. These chemicals, commonly used in consumer products such as non-stick cookware and fast food packaging, have been associated with various human illnesses, including cancer, low birth weight, and thyroid disease. The study, focusing on unregulated private wells, provides valuable information to average consumers about the potential risks of PFAS exposure when consuming tap water.
Key Study Findings:
- The U.S. Geological Survey study indicates that approximately 50% of tap water in the United States is estimated to contain PFAS.
- Concentrations of PFAS were found to be similar between public water supplies and private wells, suggesting a widespread presence of these substances.
- The study reveals that residents in urban areas face a higher risk of PFAS exposure compared to those living in rural regions, who are relatively less at risk.
Levels of PFAS in the U.S. Population:
- CDC scientists have been measuring PFAS in blood serum since 1999, utilizing data from participants aged 12 years and older who took part in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
- The analysis of blood serum samples has consistently shown the presence of four PFAS compounds, namely PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS (perfluorohexane sulfonic acid), and PFNA (perfluorononanoic acid), in nearly all individuals tested.
- These findings indicate widespread exposure to PFAS among the U.S. population.
- The CDC’s Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals provides comprehensive data tables since 1999, demonstrating the presence of PFAS in blood serum. The report is available at: https://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/.
Understanding PFAS and Health Concerns:
- PFAS, also known as “forever chemicals,” encompass over 12,000 man-made substances with a persistent nature in the environment and potential for toxicity.
- These chemicals have been used in various products since the 1940s, known for their water- and stain-resistant properties. Common applications include non-stick cookware, food packaging, carpets, clothing, and firefighting foam.
- Studies have linked PFAS exposure to adverse health effects, including cancer, liver damage, thyroid problems, decreased fertility, high cholesterol, and disruption of hormonal balance.
Sources of PFAS Exposure:
- Drinking water: PFAS can leach into groundwater from landfills and industrial sites, potentially contaminating drinking water supplies. Airborne release during manufacturing processes is another source of contamination.
- Food: PFAS can accumulate in the food chain, leading to their presence in meat, dairy products, and fish.
- Products: A wide range of products, including non-stick cookware, food packaging, carpets, and clothing, may contain PFAS.
Addressing PFAS and Reducing Exposure:
- The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is actively working to regulate PFAS. In 2021, the EPA proposed a drinking water standard for two PFAS compounds, PFOA and PFOS. Efforts are also underway to develop plans for addressing PFAS in other environmental media, such as soil and air.
- Individuals can take several steps to reduce exposure to PFAS, such as using water filters specifically designed to remove PFAS, avoiding products labeled as “PFOA-free” or “PFOS-free,” choosing non-stick cookware
labeled as “PFOA-free,” and practicing frequent handwashing to minimize skin contact with PFAS.
The recent U.S. Geological Survey study sheds light on the alarming presence of PFAS in tap water across the United States. PFAS, known as “forever chemicals,” have been linked to various health issues and pose a significant environmental and public health concern. It is crucial to take proactive measures to reduce exposure to these substances. The ongoing efforts of regulatory agencies, such as the EPA, aim to address PFAS contamination and ensure safer water supplies. By staying informed, utilizing water filters, and making informed choices about consumer products, individuals can play a role in minimizing their exposure to PFAS and protecting their health and the well-being of their families.
